1930’s
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Childhood Games Played in Glenmore in 1938
National Folklore Commission
Between 1937 and 1939, 5000 primary schools in Ireland participated in recording local information for the National Folklore Commission. Over 288,000 pages were created by students in exercise books. Students in all 26 counties were asked to collect information ranging from oral history, topographical information, folklore, legends, riddles, pastimes, games, trades and crafts by interviewing their parents, grandparents and neighbours.
From 15 Nov. 1937 to 7 Dec. 1938 a dozen students in the Ballyfacey, Glenmore National School, under teacher Domhnall Mac Cárthaigh, participated in the School Collection. The Ballyfacey Glenmore School Collection (Vol. 845, pp 484-596) is available on line and may be found in Roll Number 9880.) For our previous post regarding this collection see our post of 27 June 2022.
Topic: Games I Play
Today, we are going to feature the topic entitled “Games I Play.” Although it is always interesting to read about the type of childhood games our grandparents or great-grandparents played before television and computers this material is more important because it was written by the children themselves and preserved. Julian Smith has noted that archival documents pertaining to children are selective, generally written by adults with their own biases towards children especially their own children.
The archaeology of childhood is a relatively new field that questions assumptions made concerning our past. (Julian Smith, “Child’s Play,” 63(3) Archaeology (2010) p. 40-45). More generally, the importance of play for children has been recognised as key to developing skills for getting along with peers, learning rules, learning sanctions for breaking rules, developing memory skills such as with the recitation of rhymes, developing creativity, resourcefulness and problem solving as well as providing physical activity for motor skills etc.
The Nine Children
There were 9 children who recorded games these children included: Patrick Phelan, of Ballywairy, Glenmore, p. 526-528 (4 April 1938); Mary Aylward, of Ballyfacey Lower, Glenmore, p. 529-530 (20 July 1938); Mary Phelan, Ballywairy, Glenmore, p. 531-532, (26 July 1938); Peggy Aylward, of Ballyfacey Lower, Glenmore, p. 532-533 (25 July 1938); Michael Fitzgerald, of Moulerstown, Glenmore, p. 533-534 (26 July 1938); William Roche, of Haggard, Glenmore, p. 535-536 (undated); Eddie O’Connor, of Ballyfacey Lower, Glenmore, p. 536-537 (20 July 1938); Peter O’Connor, of Ballyfacey Lower, Glenmore, p. 537-538 (17 July 1938); Joseph Synnott of Weatherstown, Glenmore, p. 538-539 (18 July 1938); and James Culleton of Kilbride, Glenmore, p. 540 (undated).
The Games
The games with explanations are listed in alphabetical order first and game mentioned without explanations are listed thereafter with the rhymes recorded. Given the popularity of Gaelic football in Glenmore in the 1920’s it is surprising that none of the children included football or hurling in their list of games. Most of the games listed were played with stones and sticks although one game did mention the use of a ball and another the use of dice. Original wording is employed and editorial notes or comments are in square brackets [ ].
All the Robbers Going Through—”All the robbers going through is played by sending two away and [these] decide upon two things. All the rest answer what they would like and go behind whoever [of the two] had that and then pull against the others.2 [Sounds like a human tug of war.]
Blind Man’s Bluff—”Blind man’s bluff can be played by any number. One person is blindfolded and tries to catch the others while in that way.”
Carry the Lady to London—[a short description appears to be that two children grasp each other’s hands and a third child sits on their hands and is carried.]
Colours—Colours are played by taking a colour and another person would try and guess it.
Den—”Den is a very common game with me and some other boys. This is the way played. One remains inside a certain space while the others is going away a distance from him. Then he runs after the rest trying to catch them. If they are able to get into that space they will win. This is played out in the open air.”
Donkey—“Donkey is a game played by two or more. It is played by throwing a ball from one to another and whoever lets the ball fall as many times as there are letters in the word donkey he is a donkey and he is laughed at and mocked.”
Duck—”Duck can be played by any number of persons. It is played by putting a small stone on top of a large one while each person in turn tries to knock off the small stone by throwing another stone at it.”
Four Corner Fool—Played by 5 children. “one stands in the centre of a rectangle formed by four stones with four persons standing at each stone. The four persons leap from stone to stone exchanging places while the person in the centre watches his chance to get a place at one of the stones and the person who loses his place has to go in the centre and do likewise.”
A variation was also played—Three Corner Fool—”A boy is put in each of three corners of a room and another boy in the middle. The boy in the middle is known as the fool. Those in the corners must change from one corner to another and if the boy in the middle can get in to one the corners a different boy is the fool.” [It was not explained how this might be played in a room with four corners.]
Heck-a-peck is standing on one leg and kicking a stone on a certain line.
Hide & Seek—”Hide and seek is played by two or more persons. One goes and hides and the other searches for him until he finds him.”
Hide the Button—”Hide the button is played by putting a button in one of your hands and somebody else would say ‘Pe Po Paddy pin, open the door and let me in, if I am a fairy king I shall surely win.’” Another child recited this verse for this game, “cut a sin a ma ma ma ma ma.”
Another child explained, “Cunnie sé the má má má” or hide the button, in which a button is hidden by one of them in one of the children’s hand and whichever of them is guessing guesses wrongly he will get a slap on the hand and the person who guesses rightly he or she will be left hide it and the person that hid it before will have to guess.”
Katty—Katty or Kattie is played by making a circle and putting a stone in the centre and throwing up the kattie and getting three strokes off it. It was played by girls with a short piece of stick pointed at both ends.
Another child provided more detail, “First I would make a ring and put a stone in the middle. Then I would bat and another person would pelt up the kattie to the ring and I would get three hits off it and if it did not go more than two jumps away I would be out. When the kattie is pelted up and if it went into the ring I could not get any hit off of it. When it is half ways in on the line two hits can be got off it. When the kattie goes a good distance away four or six jumps can be given. No uneven number can be given.”
Marbles—Marbles is a game among boys. “Playing marbles is a common game also. We make three holes in the ground and try and get the marbles into them three times up and down. When we have it in that many times we lodge the marble. Then we try and hit each other and who ever will do that will win.”
Playing on Rye Grass—[used perineal rye grass]You say “Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Sailor, rich man, poor man, pothecary, weaver” and whatever you end on you will be married to that type of person. This was played “by knocking off the clumps off the grass” and when all the clumps were removed the category of husband was selected.
Another version–High boots, Low boot’s, Brogues, Slippers. Is a game played with the same kind of a plant to find out what kind of shoes you will be getting.”
Prisoner—”Another game we play is trying to bring one another to jail. One pack would be guards and another prisoners. The guards try to bring the prisoners to jail for doing such a thing.”
Púcín—Púcín is a game played by children. One of the children is blindfolded and he is to catch some one of the others in the kitchen.
Ring-a-ring-a-rosies—”is played by catching hands and saying ‘a ring a ring a rosies, pockets full of posies, chainies on the ditches, picking sally switches, asha asha we all fall down.’”
Rounders—”Rounders is played by three or more persons. One has a bat defending wickets against another who throws a ball intending to strike the wickets, but the other strikes the ball with the bat and sends it off. He then runs in a circle marked out by the players and tries to make as many runs as possible before a third person reaches the ball.”
See-saw—”is a very exciting game. The way to play it is as follows: A log of timber is got and put across a ditch or a horrizontal circular beam of timber. When this is completed a boy sits on one end of the log and another boy on the other end and they weigh each other up and down.”
Skipping—Skipping is played by turning a rope and jumping.
Skittles—Skittles is a game that is played by boys. Five small sticks are used and three big ones called pelters.
Snakes & Ladders—Snakes and ladders is played by putting a cube [dice]into a box and shaking and if you are at the mouth of a snake you go down to the foot of it. [Believe this was a board game which is similar to the modern version.]
Snap Apple—Snap apple is a game played by girls on November Eve by snapping with your mouth at an apple tied from a cord from the ceiling.
Spy—”Spy is played by two. One goes behind a wall or fence and the other comes from a certain place and takes a quick look at the person behind the wall or fence. He then runs back and the other chases him intending to catch him before he reaches the place where he came from.”
Three legged race is run by two people together with two of their legs tied.
Other Games
Games listed with no instructions of how they were played include: Boxes; Ludo; I Bought a Horse Today Sir; Going to the Cinema; Drafts/Draughts; Rings; Coising; Goose; and Fox & Goose.
Rhymes Recorded
Roger is dead in his lonely grave, they planted an apple tree over his head, the apples got ripe and they all fell off, There came an old woman picking them up. Roger got up and he gave her a kick. This was played by “one would be picking something and the other would give him a kick.”
Mulberry bush–the verse is said when playing it is this “here we go round the Mulberry bush, the Mulberry bush, the Mulberry bush, here we go round the Mulberry bush, on a cold and frosty morning.”
Another game is played by turning a burning stick around quickly, and these words are said “Robin robin your life is lark, if you lay in my fist I will saddle your back, sticks and stones and dead mens’ bones, and around goes robin lark.” Other local rhymes can be found in our blog post of 11 Jan. 2020.
If there are any corrections or additional information please send it to glenmore.history@gmail.com. For a brief description of games played at Glenmore funerals see our post of 8 Dec. 2019.
The featured painting of the boys clasping hands was from an old postcard. The artist was John H. Bufford (1810-1870) and is by courtesy of the ARTSTOR on-line library available at https://library.artstor.org/public/28063331 (accessed 27 Nov. 2022).
The black and white photo of boys playing marbles (1943) is from Julian Smith’s article, “Child’s Play,” 63(3) Archaeology (2010) p. 44.
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
Members of the Ballyfacey, Glenmore Tug of War Team
Popularity of Sport
When placing an obituary from Danny Dowling’s (1927-2021) voluminous files on the webpage it referenced that the deceased was one of the last members of the Ballyfacey tug of war team. In trying to track down information on this team it became apparent that there were a lot of men who competed over the years on the Ballyfacey team. Tug of war competitions were so popular at the turn of the 20th century that the Olympics held competitions from 1900 to 1920.
Locally at several types of gatherings, sports’ days, feiseanna, and fairs, tug of war competitions were promoted and popular. In general, the advertisements seeking teams limited the size of a team to 10 members with a 220 stone limit. For our international readers a stone is 14 pounds, so 220 stone represents a weight limit for the team of 3080 pounds. Sometimes Tug of War Contents had different divisions. For example, an Inistioge contest held on Sunday, 25 June 1933 provided that teams of 10 could compete in a heavy weight (unlimited) division or a light weight division (maximum weight 12 stone). A valuable set of medals was advertised as the trophy to be presented to the winning teams (Kilkenny People, Sat. 3 June 1933, p. 1).
The Ballyfacey Tug of War Team
The earliest description of the Ballyfacey Tug of War team competing was found in a 1919 newspaper reporting on the Slieverue Cycling and Athletic Sports day. “Great interest was evinced in the tug of war contests, for which there were four teams entered. The first contest was easily won by Ballyfacey against McDonald’s Creamery Team. The second tug was much more exciting. The competing teams were Bigwood and Barrow Rangers holding each other in the first pull for a space of well over 5 minutes. Bigwood were, however, declared the winners after two terrific pulls. The finalists were Ballyfacey and Bigwood.” Ballyfacey won after a very strenuous contest. The names of 3 of the competing teams were provided:
Ballyfacey—J. Aylward, J. Hartley, W. Hartley, J. Coady, M. Coady, T. Freaney, P. Fitzgerald, J. Murphy and W. Deady. [only 9 names recorded]
Bigwood—P. Power, J. Walsh, J. Doherty, R. Doherty, P. Fitzgerald, J. Fitzgerald, M. Fitzgerald, T. Doogan, P. Sutton and M. Ivory.
McDonald’s Creamery—P. Walsh, P. Robinson, D. Condon, J. Murphy, W. Reid., M. Lacey, J. Day, J. White, P. Murphy, W. Walsh, and J. Long. [We believe this team was from W. McDonald’s Creamery of Waterford City.] (Munster Express, Sat. 23 Aug. 1919, p. 4)
With just first initials it was not possible to identify with certainty the 1919 Ballyfacey Tug of War Team. Utilizing the 1911 census we commenced with Ballyfacey and surrounding townlands and have identified a number of likely candidates. [1] J. Aylward may have been John Aylward, of upper Ballyfacey who was 21 in 1911. [2] J. Hartley may have been James Hartley of Weatherstown (b. c. 1899). [3] W. Hartley may have been William Hartley of Busherstown (b.c. 1896). [4] & [5] J. and M. Coady may have been in 1911 James Cody (aged 20) and Mike Cody (aged 15) of Weatherstown, Glenmore. [6] T. Freany may have been Tom Freaney, of lower Ballyfacey who was 12 in 1911. [7] W. Deady we believe should be M. Deady for Michael Deady who was from upper Ballyfacey and aged 20 in 1911. [8] P. Fitzgerald, may have been Paul Fitzgerald (aged 19) of Knockbrack in 1911. [9] J. Murphy, may have been James Murphy of Ballywairy, Glenmore who was 15 in 1911.
On Sunday the 8th of July 1934, at a Sports meeting held at Weatherstown, Glenmore, “under a beaming sun a huge crowd enjoyed themselves…There was a big number of entries and valuable prizes being offered for the different events.” Results reported included: [1] 220 Yards—L. Walsh, Davidstown, Glenmore, First. [Believed to be Larry Walsh (c. 1911-XXXX); [2] 100 Yards—L. Walsh, Davidstown, Glenmore, and P. Roche, do., tied for first place. [3] Three Legged Race—L. Walsh and John Culleton, Kilbride, Glenmore, First. [4] 440 Yards—S. Phelan, Ballincrea, First. [5] One Mile—Stephen Phelan, First. [6] High Jump—M. Walsh, Davidstown, First [Believed to be Mick Walsh (c. 1913-1982)). [7] Half Mile Cycle—J. Cuddihy, Knockroe, First. [8] Tug-of-war—After a thrilling tug between Coolroe and Glenmore the latter were victorious. (Munster Express, Fri. 13 July 1934, p. 8). Unfortunately, the names of the Tug of War team members are not provided. We know from Jack Aylward’s obituary in 1936 that he was the Captain of the Ballyfacey team and the team was still active in 1936 (Munster Express, Fri. 14 Feb. 1936, p. 8).
In the 1970’s a couple of articles appeared in the Munster Express (Fri. 2 Oct. 1970, p. 27) when some members of the Ballyfacey team died naming other members of the team and their native townlands.
“Old Tug o’ War Team—The death of Mr. Jack Kennedy, Ballinclare, Glenmore, at the week-end recalls the famous old Ballyfacey tug-of-war team which won many honours in the early 1930’s in the area and adjoining counties. Jack was a member of the team, which also included : Jack Aylward, Michael Deady, James Dullard, of Ballyfacey; Larry, Tom and Billy Roche, Haggard; Paul, Mick and John Fitzgerald, Knockbrack; Dick Doherty, Coolnaleen; Martin Murphy, Ballinlammy. Six of the above team have since passed away” (Munster Express, Fri. 29 May 1970, p. 42).
“Old Tug-o’-War Team—the death of Mr. John Fitzgerald, Knockbrack Glenmore, recalls the famous old Ballyfacey tug-o’-war team which won numerous honours at sports fixtures in Leinster and Munster over forty years ago. The team at that time was: John, Paul and Michael Fitzgerald (all brothers); Dick and Jack Doherty, John Aylward, Michael Deady, Pat Power, Bob Grace and Jimmy Dollard. Coach for the team was Maurice Power, of Farnogue. Only three members of the team are now living” (Munster Express, Fri. 2 Oct. 1970, p. 27). What may be of interest to readers is the fact that John Fitzgerald was the grandfather of hurler Henry Shevlin who has provided Kilkenny with hours of sporting entertainment.
Members of the Ballyfacey Team
Below is the information we were able to locate regarding the persons named in 1970 as members of the Ballyfacey team. We believe, based on some of the obituaries, that the Ballyfacey team and the Bigwood team combined or perhaps some of the men were members of both teams.
Jack Aylward (1890-1936) was born on 27 August 1890, the son of John Aylward (farmer) and his wife Margaret née Roche of upper Ballyfacey Glenmore. Jack Aylward was locally called “Big Jack Aylward” and he was unmarried farmer. At the time of his death in 1936, at the age of 45, he was the Captain of the Ballyfacey tug of war team. The death register provides that he died on the 6th of February 1936 as patient in Aut Even Hospital of a “decayed molar tooth and cavernous thrombosis.” This is a blood clot in the cavernous sinus cavity. Jack’s obituary is provided on our A Surame Family page.
Michael Deady (1890-1945) was the son of Patrick Deady (farmer) of Ballyfacey and his wife Anastasia Fitzgerald (birth register). In 1932, Michael married Margaret Doherty (1902- 1968) a native of Forristalstown, Glenmore, and the couple had four children. Michael died on the 23rd of January 1945 aged 52, of gastro enteritis toxaemia at the County hospital (death register). The obituaries for Michael and Margaret are on our D Surname Family page.
An article was found in the Munster Express (Fri. 30 March 1928, p. 3) concerning some land Michael purchased, “BIG PRICE FOR FARM—Last week Messrs. O’Gorman and Murphy, auctioneers, New Ross, put up for sale by directions of Mr. George Connors, administrator of the estate of Thomas Connors, deceased, lots 1 & 2 at Ballyfacey, containing a total of 63 ½ acres statute. They realised the big price of £1,255. Bidding was very brisk between several parties. Lot 1, containing 33 acres, 28 perches, was purchased by Mr. Michael Deady, Ballyfacey Upper at £505 and lot 2 of 30 acres by Mr. George O’Connor, Ballyfacey Lower, at £750. This is of particular interest due to a prayer recorded by Danny Dowling which was allegedly recited by Michael’s mother and allegedly overheard and repeated by the Paddy O’Connor family of Ballyfacey. “God Bess me, and my man Pat, make Mariah and Mikey fat, Us four, no more. Amen.” For further information see our post of 11 January 2020 entitled “Glenmore Verses, Rhymes & Lyrics.”
Jack Doherty (1894- 1974) of Coolnaleen (Arbeg) was born on 22 October 1894 to James Doherty (farmer) and his wife Johanna née Fitzgerald of Weatherstown. Jack married Bridie Wall of Davidstown, Glenmore and they farmed the Wall farm in Davidstown. The couple bought land at Attamore, Slieverue, where the Irish scholar John O’Donohue was born. Jack and Bridie had a large family and he served for over three decades on the Board of Directors of Clover Meat, Ltd. (For further information on John O’Donohue see, our post of 13 March 2021). For further information regarding Jack and his family Jack’s obituary is on our obituary page.
Dick Doherty (1889-1976) of Coolnaleen (Ardbeg) was born on 5 October 1889, the son of James Doherty (farmer) and his wife Johanna née Fitzgerald of Weatherstown. Dick married Bridget Fitzgerald (b. 1890) of Knockbrock, and they had several daughters. Their daughter Jo married John Doherty, of Ballinlammy, Glenmore. Interesting the obituary of Dick states that he was on the Bigwood Tug of War team. No mention is made of the Ballyfacey team. Dick’s obituary may be found on our obituary page.
James “Jimmy” Dollard (1899-1957) was born to Edward Dollard (farmer) and his wife, Mary née Walsh of Ballyfacey, Glenmore on 17 April 1899. James married Ellen Wash (c. 1879-1957) a native of Glendonnell. The couple farmed at Kellandrew, Mullinavat. James died on the 11th of February 1957 (Munster Express, Fri. 22 Feb. 1957, p. 12) of a sub-arachnoid hemoreage (death register). His widow, Ellen died three months after James on 6 May 1957 aged 78 (Munster Express, Fri. 10 My 1957, p. 22). The couple do not appear to have had any children. James Dollard’s obituary is posted on our Family D Surname page.
Mick Fitzgerald (1887-1968) of Knockbrack , was born on 16 February 1887 to Paul Fitzgerald (farmer) and his wife Johanna née Freyne of Kilbride. Michael obtained a farm in Fahee, Mullinavat and in 1914 married Margaret Dungan (c. 1881-1951) of Glendonnell, Mullinavat. Michael also operated a milling business for 34 years but gave up milling in 1939 with the outbreak of the Second World War when restrictions were imposed. The couple raised a large family. Michael’s obituary is posted on our family F surname page.
John Fitzgerald (1896-1970) of Knockbrack, was also the son of Paul Fitzgerald and his wife Johanna née Freyne of Kilbride. John was a younger brother of Paul and was aged 15 in the 1911 Census. John married Ellen Vereker (c. 1905-1986) of Davidstown and they had a large family. At the time of John’s death in 1970 there were only 3 members of the team still alive. John’s obituary may be found on our obituary page for a fuller list of his family members.
Paul Fitzgerald (1891-1972) of Knockbrack, was born on 2 May 1891 to Paul Fitzgerald (farmer) and his wife Johanna née Freyne of Kilbride. He married Mary Foskin (c. 1914-1999) of Bigwood, Mullinavat. The couple had four children. Paul’s obituary does not mention the Tug of War team. Paul’s obituary can be found on our obituary page.
Jack Kennedy (1908-1970) of Ballinclare was born on 1 March 1908 to Martin Kennedy (farmer) and his wife Johanna née Wall. In the 1911 census Jack had 5 sisters. Jack was a farmer and married Bridget née McDonald (1911-1991). The couple do not appear to have had any children.
Martin Murphy (1906-1969) of Ballinlammy was born on 3 June 1906 the son of Michael Murphy (farmer) and his wife Mary née Brennan. Martin married Elizabeth “Bessie” Gaule (1916-1970 ) of Slievecorrig, Tullogher. Martin died in Waterford of cancer of the liver and a few months later Bessie tragically died. Bessie and Martin’s obituaries and information recorded by Danny Dowling regarding his cousin Martin may be found on our Family M Surname page.
Pat Power—this is a common name with no obvious match in Ballyfacey. Limiting dates of birth still provided multiple candidates.
Larry Roche (1909-1965) of Haggard was born on 15 October 1909 the son of James Roche (farmer) and Catherine née Aylward of Ballyfacey. Larry was a farmer and never married. Although Larry’s obituary highlights the weight throwing contests that he won there is no mention of the Ballyfacey Tug of War team. Larry’s obit may be found on our Family R Surname page.
Tom Roche ( ? ) although the 1970 article above states that Tom Roche was from Haggard no record could be found of a Tom or Billy Roche from Haggard. We did find a Thomas Roche who was born 21 August 1897 at Grogan, the son of Edward Roche (farmer) and his wife Catherine née Delahunty.
Billy Roche –No William or Billy Roche could be found in Haggard. However, we did find a William Roche (1882-1963) of Curraghmore, Slieverue. William was born on 2 September 1882 the son of Robert Roche (farmer) and his wife Anastatia née Phelan of Tullogher. This William Roche died on 30 April 1963 at Curraghmore, Slieverue. William was 80 years old at the time of his death, a retired farmer and widower (Munster Express, Fri. 10 May 1963, p. 18).
Bob Grace—Without a townland listed we are not certain which Bob Grace may have been on the Ballyfacey team. Robert Grace (1902- ? ) of Cappah, Glenmore, was born on 16 November 1902 to Patrick Grace (Police Constable) and his wife Marian née Cody. There was also Robert “Bob” Grace (1881-1960) of Forristalstown, Glenmore who was the son of John Grace (farmer) and his wife, Margaret (née Carroll). This Bob Grace was a publican in Ballybricken, Waterford. For his full obituary of Robert “Bob” Grace (1881-1960) see our obituary page.
Coach Maurice Power (1882-1970) of Farnogue West, Mullinavat, was aged 35 in the 1911 census and was a farmer. Per the birth register he was born Maurice was born on 8 April 1882 at Fannogue (sic) West to John Power (farmer) and his wife Johanna née Boyle. According to Maurice’s obituary he was “coach of the old Bigwood tug of warm team of over 50 years ago, which won many honours in contests including a great victory over the famous Dublin Metropolitan Police team in a competition in Waterford, when the latter side were practically champions of Ireland at that time” (Munster Express, Fr. 23 Jan. 1970, p. 4). No mention is made of him coaching the Ballyfacey team. Maurice was the brother of Tom Power the Ferrybank undertaker.
The featured photo above is courtesy of the Freeman’s Journal (Mon. 5 May 1924, p. 12). Caption–The Dublin Metropolitan police Tug of War team perfecting the famous manoure which won then their victory over the Bristol Police team at Wembly on Sat. Among those present was Prince Henry.
Please send any corrections, additional information or photos to glenmore.history@gmail.com.
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
From Danny’s Files: The Haunted Cottage of Glenmore Village
Anyone who ever had the pleasure of meeting Danny Dowling (1927-2021) usually learned that Danny loved ghost stories. Danny stated that when he was a chap ghost stories were told on cold winter evenings when the family and visiting friends were gathered around the fire. Danny said that his brother Pat, of Cappagh, Glenmore, told the best ghost stories. Often young men working for Pat after hearing one of Pat’s ghost stories would admit to being nervous walking home after dark. To celebrate Halloween in 2021 we published “Local Accounts of Body Snatching” and in 2020 we published “The Phantom Coach of Glenmore: Inspiration for a Kitty the Hare Tale?” This year in Danny’s voluminous records we found copies Danny collected of two ghost stories published in 1937 in the New Ross Standard (Fri. 2 April 1937, p. 9). For our international readers, locally one hundred or more years ago, “begor” was how “by God” was pronounced and one was pronounced “wan.” The names of the individuals have been changed from the original publication in 1937 as well as the actual location of the ruins of the haunted cottage.
The Haunted Cottage of Glenmore Village
There was a cottage on the edge of the village of Glenmore belonging to Con Roche. It was certainly haunted. There was a man named Codd that went to the cottage one night when he lost his way as he travelled walking from Waterford to New Ross after the fair. It began to rain very heavily and there was no sign of it clearing at twelve o’clock. After giving Codd his tea Con Roche insisted that Codd stay the night. Con Roche told Codd that there was only one room in the cottage vacant.
“Begor,” says Codd, “wan room is enough. I never use any more than the wan room any night.”
“That is all very well,” says Con Roche, “but this room is haunted.”
“Begor,” says Codd, “that won’t trouble me much, for I don’t believe in the like and never did.”
“Faith,” says Con Roche “You’ll believe it after tonight.”
“Very good,” replies Codd, “but it will be a strange thing if I do, for I never saw anything in my life worse lookin’ than meself.”
Codd took the offered candle and went off to bed. He got into the bed an’ put out the candle an’ lay down to sleep fine an’ comfortable. He was just about dozin’ when he felt himself very cold, an’ he wondered had he left the room door open. So he lit the candle an’ looked over the way the door and saw that it was open. So he went and shut it and got into bed again. He was just going off to sleep again when he felt the cold a second time.
“Begor,” says he to himself, “the door couldn’t have opened of its own accord.” So he went an’ shut the door again. Just after he got into the bed he looked back and saw the door was opened to its full. He waited to see what would the door do. He kept his eyes fixed on the door an’ left the candle lightin’. He saw to his surprise that it was slowly beginnin’ to shut up. It shut up real slow an’ remained shut for about a minute. Then it began gradually to open again, an when it was opened to its full it stayed open for about a minute. It kept on at this for a long time openin’ and shuttin’ real slow, an’ Codd in the bed an’ he lookin’ at it an’ his mouth an’ his eyes wide open.
Codd began to wonder was there such a thing as ghosts an’ gobblins after all. He kept lookin’ at the door an’ wonderin’ what he should do, when all of a suddint the door opened with a bang an’ closed up with another bang. It kept at this then for about half and hour an’ Codd in the bed wondered what the dickens was wrong with the door.
“Maybe,” says he to himself, “it is the wind had to do with it. I’ll put a chair against it an’ see what will happen.” So Codd got a chair from a corner an’ when the door was closed he put it against it, but the moment he laid the chair down the door opened with an awful bang an’ drove it four yards away. It was lucky for Codd he wasn’t in the way.
When the door shut up again, says he to himself, “When it opens again I’ll rush out of the room like billyho.” The door opened real fast an’ out Codd rushed an’ the door closed so quickly that it nearly caught him. He went ahead an’ nothing on him only his nightshirt, an’ he had to pass through the room where Con Roche was sleeping. Codd went into the room an’ Con Roche was readin’ in his bed. Con Roche nearly fainted when he saw the woe-be-gone lookin’ creature standin’ in front of him an’ nothin’ on him only a long nightshirt an’ it hangin’ on Codd the very same as an ould coat on a scarecrow in the centre of a potato field.
Codd’s two eyes appeared as if they could see right though the earth an’ his mouth was half open, an’ the hair standin’ on top of his head. Along with that, he was tremblin’ all through, an’ he was no more like the man that went into the haunted room that night than chalk is like cheese. Con Roche thought at first that Codd was a ghost an’ the first thing he did was to draw the Sign of the Cross on his forehead. After the space of a few seconds he saw that is was his visitor Codd who boasted he never saw anything in the world worse lookin’ than himself, and he asked Codd what was the matter with him.
Codd soon told Con Roche the whole story, an’ then Con Roche told him that the best thing he could do was to get into the bed with himself. So Codd got into the bed, and after about half a hour he fell asleep an’ never wakened until mornin’. When he awoke Codd found himself in the ruin of an old cottage with no roof and one old door that opened and closed shut in the wind. Confused Codd shook his head to clear his cobwebs. When he left the ruin he saw the bell tower of the Village church. On his way to the church he met a man who was leading a cow. After greeting the man Codd told the man that he was a friend of Con Roche and would like to speak with him. The man eyed Codd up and down and finally said, “Con Roche was murdered in his bed wan stormy night nigh on forty years back by a stranger from Wexford.” The man pointed to the ruin and said, “That is Con Roche’s place.” Codd shook his head again, made the Sign of the Cross, looked at the cottage ruin an’ ran up the hill to St. James’ Church. Codd refused to leave the church until Father Walsh agreed to escort him to New Ross. Until the day of his death Codd was never heard to say again that he didn’t believe in ghosts.
Happy Halloween!
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
From Danny’s Files: 1937 Application for a Glenmore Dance License
As previously published Glenmore from about 1870 until 1963 had no pub in the parish. Even pubs that were on the borders of the parish became the target of objections from the Glenmore clergy. (See our post of 31 March 2020 ). Today, we are going to feature an article from the New Ross Standard found in Danny Dowling’s voluminous files that provides some insight into the attitudes and legislation in 1937 concerning dance venues.
Glenmore Dance Licence Opposed
On Friday the 22nd of January 1937 the article “Dance Licences Opposed” was published in the New Ross Standard (p. 11). Richard Fitzgerald (1868-1955) of the Half-way House, Glenmore, applied for a dance license under the Public Dance Hall Act 1935. The Act came about due to the work of the Carrigan Committee that was established in 1930 by the Cosgrove led government to determine if new legislation was needed to deal with juvenile prostitution (Finola Kennedy, “The Suppression of the Carrigan Report: A Historical Perspective on Child Abuse,” 89 (356) Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review (2000) p. 354). Interestingly, what prompted the Committee was the increase in births outside of marriage which appears to have become equated with prostitution.
Schools of Scandal
The Carrigan Committee heard the testimony of clerical, lay and government witnesses, who all appeared to agree that the degeneration in the standard of social conduct had taken place. It was attributed primarily to the loss of parental control and responsibility during a period of general upheaval (the War of Independence, the Civil War). Notwithstanding the country returning to a “settled condition” the standard of social conduct had not improved. This fact was said to be “due largely to the introduction of new phases of popular amusement…The commercialised Dance Halls, Picture Houses of sorts, and the opportunities afforded by the misuse of motor cars for luring girls,” were identified as “the chief causes alleged for the present looseness.”
One Limerick Priest opined that the Dance Hall Craze began in his parish about 1925 and they became “Schools of Scandal” which were not subject to supervision, control or license (Carrigan Report, c. 16 available online at https://the-knitter.blogspot.com/2005/06/full-carrigan-report_24.html). What appears to be lacking from the Carrigan Committee’s contemplation was the impact of the limited free primary school education on young people. After attending a local national school until the age of 11 or 12 young people were sent to work often in shops, homes or farms away from the influence of their parents.
Public Dance Hall Act 1935
After the Carrigan Committee determined that the popular amusements were the cause of moral decay, to get control over the so-called “Schools of Scandal” the Public Dance Hall Act 1935 was enacted. Richard Fitzgerald sought a license under the Act to hold dances. He was represented by E.T. Lalor. The application was heard in the District Court of New Ross before District Judge J.V. Fahy. Ireland has and continues to have a unique feature in the District Court where the State is represented by a senior police officer. In this case it was Superintendent Feeney.
Glenmore Application
Richard Fitzgerald sought a dance license as secretary of the local Cumann of the Fianna Fail party. It was noted that Richard Fitzgerald was a substantial farmer, an ex-member of the Kilkenny County Council, secretary of the South Kilkenny Comhairle Ceanntair and a delegate to the Ard Fheis. Richard testified that his house was about three-quarters of a mile from the Glenmore Garda station and he produced a map made by a Waterford engineer of his premises. It was also noted that dances had been held on the premises over the past 25 years and no complaint had ever been made for any function held. The last dance was held about four years prior after a mumming exhibition. [For an explanation of mummying in Glenmore see our previous post of 5 December 2021.]
In anticipation of the application Richard spent about €50 making improvements, and he stated that he would not personally benefit from the dances. The parish records reveal that Richard Fitzgerald was born on 9 March 1868 at Aylwardstown to John Fitzgerald (farmer) and his wife Margaret “Peggy” Donovan of the Mill. Richard on the 30th of November 1911 married Mary Walsh, of Coolroebeg, Thomastown. Thus, at the time of the application proceedings in 1937 Richard was a married man of 69 years of age. It does not appear that Richard was attempting or applying to operate a “School of Scandal.”
The Application Hearing
From the onset of the application proceedings, according to the information in the newspaper account it appeared that the Judge was not well disposed toward the application.
“Justice—The apartment is described as a dance hall right off the kitchen. What did you call it before you christened it a dance hall?
Applicant—It has been used for the distribution of free milk. I am contractor under the scheme.” When asked by the judge if the free milk was for the dance Richard explained that the free milk was a scheme for the poor of Glenmore.
Richard Fitzgerald went on to testify that he resided on the premises with his wife, two sons and two daughters. He stated that there were about two thousand people residing in the parish. Superintendent Feeney asked if his premises were a suitable place to hold dances. Richard Fitzgerald replied, “We have no better place; we have no hall in Glenmore to hold anything.”
Suitability of Premises?
When pressed concerning the suitability of the premises Richard Fitzgerald stated that the Minister for Education and the Comba rte Ceanntair (sic) hold meetings there. The Judge responded “Leave that out of it. We are only discussing as to the suitability of the premises from the point of view of they being licensed for a dance; don’t be bringing in the Minister’s name.” Richard protested that he was simply addressing suitability.
After the questioning concerning the suitability of the premises Solicitor Lalor suggested that the judge could go out and inspect the premises. In response the judge stated that “…He had not the least notion. He would like to hear what the sergeant of the district had to say.” Sergeant Garvey (1895-1960) of Glenmore testified that he inspected the premises. In his opinion the room appeared to be suitable, and had been recently repaired. He considered the applicant capable of looking after a dance.
Sgt. Garvey’s only objection concerned the sanitary arrangements. He agreed that the premises had the usual sanitary accommodation for Glenmore. Superintendent Feeney then interjected that the circumstances would be different where over one hundred people would be gathered together. [For a previous article regarding Sergeant Garvey see our previous post of 3 October 2021.]
Objection of Parish Priest
Perhaps the strangest element of the case concerned the objection of the parish priest which was not articulated in the article. “Justice—How is it the parish priest has such a decided objection? Applicant—I don’t know. Justice—Don’t you think his views ought to be regarded with the greatest respect? Applicant—Yes, but he is prejudiced and a sickly man. Justice—We are all sickly.” From the newspaper account it does not state how the objection was made, but the priest did not appear in court to state his objections so he could not be questioned concerning his views and opinions.
Application Denied
The case concluded with the Judge announcing, “I would not dream of granting this application, especially in view of the objection of the parish priest, which I consider as reasonable and properly founded. I refuse the application, on the unsuitability of the house.”
On 24 November 2019 we published an article regarding the rise and demise of the Glenmore post office and in the article identified how the Half-way House of Aylwardstown, Glenmore obtained its name.
Please send any corrections or additional information to glenmore.history@gmail.com.
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
The School Collection: Ballyfacey, Glenmore, National School, Local Heroes
Between 1937 and 1939, 5000 primary schools in Ireland participated in recording local information for the National Folklore Commission. Over 288,000 pages were created by students in exercise books. Students in all 26 counties were aksed to collect information ranging from oral history, topographical information, folklore, legends, riddles, pastimes, games, trades and crafts by interviewing their parents, grandparents and neighbours. From 15 November 1937 to 7 December 1938 a dozen students in the Ballyfacey, Glenmore National School, under teacher Domhnall Mac Cárthaigh, participated in the School Collection. The Ballyfacey Glenmore School Collection (Vol. 845, pp 484-596) is available on line, (Roll Number 9880).
The School Collection not only recorded valuable oral histories and traditions, but it also provides the names and addresses of the participating students as well as the persons interviewed. Today, we are going to feature the topic that generated the least number of responses from the Ballyfacey students, the topic entitled “Local Heroes.” While we hoped that the students recorded information concerning the men and women who banded together to stop the Ballyfacey evictions of 1885, or engaged in the more recent War of Independence, this was not the case. (Our previous post of 8 March 2020 provides information on the Glenmore Land League and the Ballyfacey eviction riots). On 26 March 1938, four students recorded information concerning “Local Heroes.” All four students identified athletic or physical abilities with the topic. Three of the students were from Ballyfacey and one was from Haggard.
Jumping the Áth
A local stream called the Áth was “in olden times” jumped for sport. “The part of the stream that was jumped across was about twenty-three feet wide. The best jumper was Marks Walsh who is now about 83 years old,” (William Roche, of Haggard, p. 514). Dick Grace was also identified as a man who jumped the Áth (Eddie O’Connor, Ballyfacy (sic), p 515). Other men who were identified as performing this feat were Tom and Pat Power, of Farnogue and Jack Malone (Mary Aylward, Ballyfacey, p. 513).
Weight Lifting & Throwing
In terms of weight lifting and weight throwing, Ned Moore, of Shambo and Jack Power of Jamestown were identified for their ability to lift heavy stones (Peggy Aylward, of Ballyfacey, p. 513). It was also recorded that Old Paddy Grace lifted the Kilbride stone on his back and brought it up to Grace’s yard and down again on his back. The Kilbride stone was also lifted by Tommy Freyne of Kilbride (Mary Aylward, Ballyfacey, p. 513-514). We know from the information that Danny Dowling (1929-2021) recorded that local men gathered, usually at or near blacksmith forges around the parish, to lift heavy stones to test their strength. As previously discussed in an earlier blog weight throwing was a regular athletic event. Larry Roche, of Haggard, and James Power, of Bigwood were identified as heavy weight throwers (Peggy Aylward, of Ballyfacey, p. 513). Tommy Murphy, of Kilbride, was noted for carrying forty stones (for our international readers a stone is 14 pounds of weight) at Mullen’s threshing (Eddie O’Connor, of Ballyfacy (sic), p. 515). For a previous blog post on weight throwing see our post of 4 July 2020.
Running & Mowing
In terms of running, some current runners and former runners were identified. Peter Egan and Pat Roche of Haggard were good runners in athletic sports as was Tommy Fitzgerald (Mary Aylward, of Ballyfacey, p. 513). “There was once a man named Hollyhawk and he used to beat horses running.” “Pat Roche of Haggard is a good runner he runs at sports and runs about three miles” (Peggy Aylward, Ballyfacey, p. 513).
Men good at mowing were also identified. Ned Long, of Guilcough, was a good mower and was said to mow more than an acre in a day (Mary Aylward, of Ballyfacey, p. 513). Jack Murphy, of Moulerstown, on the other hand was credited with mowing 1.5 acres in a single day (Peggy Aylward, of Ballyfacey, p. 514).
Lastly, only one woman was identified in the topic “Local Heroes.” “Mrs. Statia Dunphy walked to Kilkenny and home again in less than a day” (Mary Aylward, of Ballyfacey, p. 513).
Given the fact that Glenmore had by the 1930’s won several senior county Gaelic football championships it is surprising that none of the Ballyfacey National School students identified any of the persons named above as GAA players. In fact, a review of the items recorded by the students reveals that very few persons were interviewed, or perhaps the persons interviewed, did not wish to have their names recorded. It is also not known what instructions these students received. The students did identify a number of local people with some addresses that may aid researchers particularly as the last publicly available census is from 1911.
Please send any corrections or further information to glenmore.history@gmail.com.
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
A Glenmore Fire & the “Hell Fire Jack” Steam Engine
Today, we are going to highlight a fire that destroyed a Glenmore home on 26 January 1935. Just after the beet train called by the locals, “Hell Fire Jack,” started off from the Aylwardstown station, a fire broke out in the top of a rick of hay in Richard Delahunty’s haggard near the Aylwardstown station. The rick was located near the gable end of the thatched dwelling house. Immediately the residents of the nearby four farmers’ houses were on the scene. The wind was very severe and blowing in the direction of the thatched dwelling house. Despite the valiant efforts of the volunteers the dwelling house burned to the ground, but a portion of the hay rick was saved. (Waterford Standard, Sat. 2 Feb. 1935, p. 5). It was reported that the volunteers were greatly hampered because they did not have any fire fighting appliances, but armed themselves with buckets and threw water on the flames. “Mr. Delahunty’s loss [was] stated to be considerable” (New Ross Standard, Fri. 1 Feb. 1935, p. 3)
The Court Case
Richard Delahunty (c. 1867-1954) filed a case against the Great Southern Railways for £300 damages for the burning of his dwelling house, furniture and effects as well as the hay destroyed due to the negligence of the defendant railway or its servants. The three-day trial before Judge Sealy at the Kilkenny Circuit Court was reported in the Munster Express (Fri, 8 May 1936, p. 2).
In the 1930’s juries were still used for tort or civil cases, and an all male jury was selected to hear the case. The men were drawn from both rural and urban areas of the county and included: James Ryan, Killeen, Graiguenamanagh (foreman), Thomas F. Walsh, Ballykeeffe Castle; John Scanlon, Coolbawn; Laurence Kenny, Ballyvalden; Benjamin Fogarty, Ballyouskill; John Gaffney, Lacken, Bennettstown; Michael Kennedy, Gaulstown, Tullaroan, Denis Buggy, Grovine; Danniel Cullen, Blanchfields Park; Patrick Dwyer, Baysrath; Edward Dunne, Mountgale; and Michael Dunne, Kilbricken.
Opening statement for Delahunty–In 1903 the railway erected the railway line linking New Ross and Waterford. At that time Mr. Delahunty appeared before the compensation tribunal and one of his grounds of complaint was that the railway company were laying the line too close to his house and that sooner or later his place would be burned. Three decades later his prophecy came true. “On January 26, 1935, a goods train entered the station at Glenmore; it was returning to Waterford and as it passed through Aylwardstown it had to go up a fairly steep gradient. While the engine was not the engine invented by Stevenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive, it was a bit antediluvian, and as it ascended the gradient it expressed its distress in no mistaken manner. It was chucking and staggering, and belching smoke trying to get up the hill, and it was emitting gusts of fire and hot cinders.”
Opening statement for the Great Southern Railway—An ordinance survey map was produced with the scene of the fire marked. In November 1935 the defence barrister inspected the area and found a burned three-roomed house with a barn adjoining it. From the railway line to the point of the hayrick nearest the house was a distance of 118 feet 9 inches, and the distance between the rick and the house itself was 5 feet 6 inches. The house had been thatched. There was a gradient in the railway line at Glenmore and when passing by Mr. Delahunty’s farm towards Waterford a train would be going uphill. He estimated it would cost £142 18s. to reconstruct Mr. Delahunty’s house.
Richard Delahunty’s case consisted of six witnesses including himself. Richard Delahunty, testified that he owned 60 acres of land. He lived in the house his entire life. At the time of the construction of the railway he protested because the line was being placed too close to his haggard and there was danger of a fire. In fact in 1905 or 1906 there was a little cock of straw burned. On January 26, 1935, about 4:30 p.m. he was in his house and about two minutes after he heard a train pass he saw the hay rick on fire. The day was dry but there was big gale of wind from the direction of the railway line toward his house. Four tons of hay burned. He often saw showers of sparks coming from engines passing by and he often saw grass and bushes 15 yards from the line burning from the sparks. About 20 years before, on a wild day, a shower of sparks fell around him while he was in his haggard.
Andrew Hefffernan (c. 1893-1975) testified that his farm adjoined the plaintiff’s. On day of the fire there was a northerly wind blowing. On that evening he was in his yard and heard a goods train. He knew it was a goods train from the puffing noise it made going slowly up the hill. A couple of minutes later his son told him that Delahunty’s rick was lighting. He immediately went into Delahunty’s haggard and the rick was burning at the top at the end nearest the house. He rejected the idea that a spark from the dwelling house caused the fire. A spark from the dwelling house would have had to go against the wind to reach the rick. He testified that he often saw sparks being emitted from engines drawing trains in the direction of Waterford, and he knew the sparks were carried a distance of 20 yards from the railway line.
John Connolly (c. 1889-1972) of Scartnamore, Glenmore, stated that on the day of the fire he was loading beet at the Aylwardstown railway station. About 4:30 a beet train came into the station and after some shunting operation proceeded to Waterford. He did not know how many wagons were attached, but the engine was very heavily loaded. The train went out of the station “hard pressed” travelling very slowly. When asked if the train was puffing the witness replied “As far as I could see she could not puff anymore.” A few minutes after the train left the station, he saw the rick in Delahunty’s haggard on fire. He testified that at night he was often able to see sparks flying out and in some instances more than sparks—partially burned coal. Locally the beet train was called “Hell Fire Jack.”
James Delahunty, son of the plaintiff, testified that the beet train that evening was overloaded and he formed this opinion from the noise the engine was making and its slow progress from the station. Within a few minutes of the train passing he saw the hay rick on fire.
Sergeant Nicholas Garvey (1895-1960) Glenmore, stated that when he received a report regarding the fire, he went to the scene about 6 p.m. The roof of the dwelling house was smouldering between the walls and the rick was on fire. About a quarter of the rick was destroyed and the rest saved. There was no fire or signs of fire in the boiler-house. There was a very strong wind blowing from the railway station across to Delahunty’s haggard. About a week before the fire he had patrolled that section of the railway line and saw sparks coming from an engine travelling toward Waterford. He could not say how far the sparks travelled, but it was a calm night. He also observed small bits of partially burned coal along the railway line. Sgt. Garvey did not indicate how or why he was patrolling the railway line, but the line does run near Rathinure where as was highlighted in the blog last week, Sgt. Garvey went courting.
Robert N. Tweedy a consulting and electrical engineer from Dublin testified that he inspected the engine that was used on the beet train the evening of the fire. He testified that the design of the engine allowed small pieces of burning coal to be emitted into the air. In North America spark arresters were required, but he admitted that a spark arrester would considerably increase the cost of running an engine. Another solution would be to increase the size of the smoke box and at the time of the trial smoke boxes being fitted on engines were 50 percent larger. He testified that this was a light goods engine, and starting up with 16 trucks of beet in order to pull the Glenmore gradient the throttle would have to be fully opened. This increased the risk of live coals being blown out of the coal box. This engine was never fitted with a spark arrester and given the weather conditions in his opinion a piece of live coal could have been ejected a sufficient height to land on the hay rick. On cross-examination the railway sought to show that spark arresters and other alterations to its fleet of engines would be extremely expensive for the railway. The expert witness replied that the practical thing to do would be for the railway to scrap its 59 old engines “because they have lasted long enough and have paid for themselves” or stop using inferior cheap coal.
The defence case by the Great Southern Railway generally consisted of a dozen railway employees testifying and often contradicted each other. Arthur Plumer, engineer with the GSR for 15 years testified that the gradient nearest plaintiff’s house was about 1 in 200. He admitted on cross examination that he knew very little regarding the train which slipped her brakes years before on the same stretch of line. Mr. Batmont, draughtsman, produced the plan of the engine which depicted a brick arch in the engine designed to stop sparks from passing up through the funnel. William Finn, shed foreman, Waterford, said that he examined the arch in this particular engine which was renewed on 6 November 1934. After the Delahunty fire the arch was examined and was in perfect condition. John Wyse, fitter’s helper, also examined the arch and found it to be in perfect condition. F. Johnson, assistant divisional loco. Supt. Waterford, said after he received a report of the fire he too looked at the engine and found the arches to be perfect. He admitted that the life of arches varied from two days up to three months. The fire took place almost three months after the engine was allegedly renewed.
Ernest G. Cox, the New Ross stationmaster, said the train left his station and would arrive in Glenmore about 4:30. It was the beet train and was for the Thurles Sugar Factory. The total weight of the contents of the 16 wagons according to the advice notes was 104 tons, 7 cwt. 3 qurs, plus the weight of the wagons. The weight was disputed by another defence witness, Michal Carroll, weighbridge check, who said the actual weight was 204 tons, 8 cwt. 1 qr. Denis Doyle, Halt-keeper, testified that the train took on two wagons of beet at Glenmore. Given that two wagons were added at Aylwardstown station no railway defence witness could testify correctly to what load the engine had when it left the Aylwardstown station.
Perhaps the most interesting of the railways witnesses was James Reale, the driver. He testified that he arrived at Glenmore at 4 o’clock, where he had to do some shunting at the New Ross end of the platform. “The engine was not overloaded. If he had been given an overladen train he would not have taken it.” He went on to testify that the engine did not leave the Aylwardstown station under great pressure. On cross examination he said that he was not offended that his train was described as “Hell Fire Jack” as all beet trains were called that. When pressed further he said that he did not know why they were called “Hell Fire Jack” and perhaps realizing the significance of the name added, “They might be the ‘Ghost Train’ for all that.” William Madigan, guard on the train, produced the train log. The train arrived at Glenmore at 4:12, left at 4:30 and arrived in Waterford at 5. John Barker, the fireman, said he did not notice the engine emitting sparks and the engine was not under any particular strain. Thus, all the employees of the railway denied that “Hell Fire Jack” was under any strain in Glenmore or emitting sparks.
C.E. McCreery, auctioneer and valuer, inspected the ruins of the dwelling house for the defence. He described the house as made of cobblestones, mortar and yellow clay. He estimated the value of the premises at £100. The value of the furniture £23 and the value of the hay at £10. In his opinion the house could be reconstructed for £40. (In 1936 McCreery & Sons were located at 40 Parliment St., Kilkenny.) Edward Bredin, the chief works manager of the railway stated that it would cost a total of £37,000 for all renewals as suggested by Mr. Tweedy. From his standpoint the brick arch used was the most efficient. Michael McGinnity, assistant to the chief mechanical engineer, stated that an engine running from Glenmore to Waterford would be capable of carrying from 360 tons to 370 tons. The engine in question would be capable of carrying 33 full wagons up the gradient at Glenmore without the engine labouring or being distressed. Engines of this type covered 2.5 million miles. Several other “experts” employed by the defendant were called who all testified that the measures employed in North America would not work here. The most interesting alleged expert was Col. Owen O’Brien who testified that he worked for English railways for years and visited France, the United States and Italy to conduct experiments regarding the various types of spark arresters and the reduction of sparks. The newspaper article does not indicate if Col. Owen O’Brien published the findings of his alleged experiments.
After the three day trial the jury found for Richard Delahunty and awarded £175 with costs and expenses.
Unfortunately, this was not the end of the fires in Glenmore caused by the steam trains pulling loads to Waterford, but no buildings were destroyed in later fires. On several occasions the banks along the railway caught fire. In the late 1950’s a fire spread from the railway bank up as far as Michael Roche’s slotted unit on the east edge of Rathinure. A few years later another fire burned several fields and ditches.
Special thanks to Jacqueline Walsh for the photo of the Aylwardstown, Glenmore railway station. Please send any and all corrections, or further information to glenmore.history@gmail.com.
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh