1910’s
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Ballyfacey, Glenmore 1913 School Photo
Special thanks to Ann O’Rourke for sharing this photo that she obtained from Danny Dowling (1927-2021). Danny obtained the photo from Mary Statia Ivory (second row) and recorded the names and townlands identified by Mary Statia. In addition to the names and townlands recorded by Danny, we have added the year of birth, and parents where same could be identified through baptismal records or the birth register. Luckily the 1911 Census helped. There are several sets of sisters in the group.
Ballyfacey, Glenmore National School Photograph 1913
Front Row: (left to right)
Eily Mullins, Flemingstown (b. 1906 to Thomas Mullins & Mary Walsh);
_______ Walsh, Weatherstown; (Ellen? (1904) to Wm. Walsh & Bridget Walsh
Ella Fitzgerald, Moulerstown (b. 1908 to Patrick Fitzgerald & Mary MacDonald);
Katie Purcell, Weatherstown (b. 1904 to Edmund Purcell & Mary Cashin);
Katie Ivory, Haggard (b. 1908 to John Ivory & Mary MacCarthy);
Mary Ryan, Ballyfacey (b. 1907 to Thomas Ryan & Bridget Anthony);
Kate Dollard, Ballyfacey (b. 1906 to Edmund Dollard & Mary Walsh);
Katie Butler, Moulerstown (b. 1907 to James Butler & Bridget Cashin); and
Rose Walsh, Weatherstown (b. 1906 to William Walsh & Bridget Walsh).
Second Row:
Mary Statia Ivory, Haggard (b.c. 1903) to John Ivory and Bridget MacDonald of Upper Ballyfacey);
Johanna Hogan, Knockbrach; (not in 1911 Knockbrack Census, no baptismal record in Glenmore. Found as 10 yr. old boarder in home of Ellen Bradley of Rathaglish, Ballincrea.)
Jo Freany, Ballyfacey (b. 1904 to Michael Freyne & Mary Farrell);
Mai Freany, Ballyfacey (b. 1900 to Michael Freyne & Mary Farrell);
Baby Freany, Kilbride (Margaret? b. 1909 to Michael Freyne & Mary Farrell);
Bridie Cody, Weatherstown (b. 1902 to Patrick Cody & Mary Knox);
Mary Butler, Moulerstown; (b. 1902 to James Butler & Bridget Cashin) and
Bridget Morrissey (per 1911 Census b.c. 1900 in Waterford, boarding with Ellen Bradley, aged 60, of Rathaglish, Ballincrea with Johanna Hogan aged 10.)
Third Row:
Mary Hennessy, Teacher (Mary Phelan née Hennessey (1883-1963) of Ballyfacey married John Phelan (c. 1892-1956) of Ballyveria, on 22 May 1916 at Glenmore. See our post of 23 Nov. 2025 for further information on the Hennessey family. ;
Agsie Duggan, Flemingstown (Margaret? b. 1896 to Richard Duggan & Anne Butler);
Mary Walsh, Weatherstown (b.1903 to William Walsh & Bridget Walsh);
Bridie Culleton, Kilbride (b. 1904 to James Culleton & Hannah Grace);
Josie Freany, Kilbride (Johanna? b. 1903 to James Freyne & Johanna Hennessey);
Molly Dollard, Ballyfacey (Mary? b. 1903 to Edmund Dollard & Mary Walsh);
Bridie Butler (No townland provided. May be Bridget Butler b. 1902 to Patrick Butler & Mary Aylward of Parkstown);
Bridie Walsh, Weatherstown (b. 1902 to William Walsh & Bridget Walsh);
Johanna Hurley, Knockbrach (b. 1901 to Thomas Hurley & Margaret Kelly of Farnogue).
“The above school Group according to Mary Statia Ivory who was a pupil in the group.”
Please send any corrections or additional information or photos to glenmore.history@gmail.com .
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
From Danny’s Files: A 1911 Haggard, Glenmore, Malicious Injury Case
Within Danny Dowling’s (1927-2021) voluminous collection of newspaper clippings on Glenmore related events and people, we came across a short article concerning a malicious injury claim in 1911. Generally speaking, compensation was available in 19th century in the United Kingdom for various forms of malicious injury to various types of property. In Ireland, the main legislation included the Grand Juries (Ireland) Act 1836, and the Malicious Injury Act 1861. Reforms were introduced by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898. The 1898 Act broadened the categories of damage that could result in compensation, but the cases were now tried in courts rather than before Grand Juries.
After the 1898 Act, the applicant was required to prove all elements of his case including the existence of malice. If the case was made the awarded compensation was paid by the rate payers (i.e. property tax payers.) For a fascinating paper detailing the development of the Irish law see, , Niamh Howlin (2019) “Compensation for Malicious Damage to Property in Nineteenth-Century Ireland.”
The Haggard, Glenmore Fire
Sergeant McKirby, of Glenmore at noon on 13 May, 1911, took a report from John Grace of Ballinlammy, Glenmore. John Grace reported that his unoccupied house at Haggard was found on fire at 8 a.m. Sergeant McKirby went to the scene, and arrived at 2:15. The house consisted of one room only 12 feet by 9 feet wide and about 4.5 feet in height. It was on Robert Grant’s farm at Haggard.
The roof, an old thatched one, had partially burned and collapsed. The roof which resembled a manure heap was still smouldering. Grace had reported that a timber bed, chair, box and a few other small articles of furniture were in the house when it burned down, but the Sergeant saw no signs of them. The Waterford No. 2 Rural district Council ordered its solicitor to defend the application John Grace made for compensation (Munster Express, Fri. 3 June 1911, p. 3).
The Hearing
The Kilkenny People (Fri. 17 June 1911, p. 7) covered the hearing on the Application for Malicious Injury. The newspaper referred to John Grace as an old age pensioner. Grace was seeking £50 compensation for the malicious burning of his house at Haggard, Glenmore.
Solicitor P.A. Murphy of Waterford represented the applicant, John Grace. Solicitor McCoy represented Waterford No. 2 Rural District Council, and Solicitor James Harte represented the Kilkenny Co. Council.
Grace testified that on the morning of the 30th of May his house and effects were completely destroyed by fire. He had not been living in the house for 7 or 8 weeks previously because boys were throwing stones at his door.
The Sergeant of Glenmore district testified. He stated that he believed the house was set on fire, but there was no malice connected with it as far as he could determine. Mr. Murphy then asked a strange question as he was representing John Grace. He asked the Sergeant, “If you have any reasons for suspecting that the old man burned it himself explain it to His Honor.” The Sergeant stated that it might be a nice way of getting a few pounds. He stated that John Grace was going to get married. In reply to a question posed by the Judge the Sergeant opined that he thought £3 or £4 would be a very fair compensation.
James Flanagan, engineer to the Waterford No. 2 District Council, valued the house for about £1. He would be able to rebuild it as it stood before the burning for 30s.
The judge stated that he was not satisfied that the burning was malicious, and even if it were he was not satisfied that the damage done was over £5. He dismissed the action.
John Grace (1837-1918) of Haggard, Glenmore
John Grace (1837-1918) was baptized 26 April 1837 at Haggart (sic), to Luke Grace and his wife Ellen Roche. The next record we could find was when John Grace married. John Grace (labourer) of Haggard on 18 February 1878, married Margaret Phelan née Neil (c. 1834-1909), a widow at Glenmore. His father Luke Grace was deceased, and Margaret’s father was James Neil, a mason.
Margaret’s first husband was Patrick Phelan (c.1844-1874) (labourer, son of Edward Phelan, labourer). Margaret and her first husband were married on 18 February 1868 at Mullinavat. Her address at the time of her first marriage was Fahee and his address was Farnogue. Patrick Phelan died of bronchitis on 26 September 1874 at Fahee. His father-in-law, James Neil, was present at Patrick’s death.
1901 Census
In 1901, John Grace, aged 62, worked as an agricultural labourer and lived in Haggard with his wife Margaret Grace who was aged 66. They were living in a 1 room house with a thatched roof which they rented from Robert Grant. It was a Category 4 house and was the worst house in Haggard. It apparently had no front windows. Strangely the Census records that only 1 person resided in the house, but it also records that both John Grace and his wife Margaret Grace resided in it.
From the description provided, It appears that the couple were living in 1901 in the same house that burned in 1911 and was the subject of the case.
Robert Grant, their landlord, was 30 years of age and living with his sister Stasia (aged 45) in Haggard. They had two servants residing with them: Bridget Fitzgerald (aged 23) and John Gaule (aged 10).
Death of Margaret Grace née Neil (c. 1834-1909) of Haggard, Glenmore
Margaret Grace (c. 1834-1909) died on 1 February 1909 at Haggard. She was 75 years of age. Her husband John Grace was present when she died.
1911 Census
John Grace was not living in Haggard when the census was taken. He also was not in Ballinlammy, Glenmore. John Grace, aged 74, a widower, was living with John and Bridget Roche, of Ballyquin, Farnogue, Mullinavat. John Grace is listed as a relative of the head of the household, John Roche (aged 35). John Grace’s mother was a Roche or it could be that his deceased wife was related to John or Bridget Roche.
In 1911, Robert Grant (c. 1848-1920) was 60 and living in Haggard with his sister Anastatia Grant (aged 56). They had two servants. William Breasdon aged 19 and Ann Murphy aged 26.
The Death of John Grace (1837-1918) of Haggard, Glenmore
John Grace, labourer, “from Glenmore” died on 23 July 1918 aged 82. He was a widower and died in the Union Hospital of Waterford of heart disease. There is no known headstone in St. James Cemetery marking the grave of John Grace (if he was brought back to Glenmore for burial). We could not locate a death notice or obituary. As Danny Dowling often remarked none die as well as the poor. There are few records of their lives.
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See our post of 24 March 2023 regarding Haggard including the oldest newspaper article referencing Haggard. In 1803, a fire destroyed the cabin of Patrick Keefe, and he and his entire family perished in the fire.
Please send any corrections or additional information to glenmore.history@gmail.com .
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
A Disputed Glenmore Cottage
Before Ireland gained Independence housing was an issue particularly in rural areas. In order to address the issue for labourers various legislation was put in place including the Labourers (Ireland) Acts (1883-1906) and the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890. Farm labourers who were not married usually lived in unheated outbuildings or in a loft in a stable or barn where they worked. Married labourers could apply to the Rural District Council where they resided seeking a cottage.
The authorities would seek land from landowners on which to construct cottages that were rented to a married labourer. The idea was that farmers who employed labourers would provide a building site, but often the farmers objected to giving up any of their land for cottages or the compensation for the land was considered inadequate. In 1909, an arbitrator was appointed to determine disputed compensation in the Waterford No. 2 Rural District. This was known as the Inquiry (Waterford Standard, Sat. 4 Sept. 1909, p. 2). The cottages were built for less than £150 and there were often more battles fought over who would get the cottage.
In 1911, Glenmore featured in such a battle. Under the Poor Laws, the parish of Glenmore was divided between the Waterford Union and the New Ross Union. Less than a quarter of Glenmore was in the New Ross Union. Landowners paid rates (taxes) to their respective Unions, and the elected Poor Law Guardians and District Councillors were constantly on alert to ensure that the rate payers in one district were not supporting poor persons from other Unions. Each Union had its own workhouse, infirmary, dispensaries, cottages and road maintenance etc. See our post of 28 April 2020 regarding the Poor Law Act 1838 and the Glenmore Dispensary. The elected District Councillors were responsible among other things for the cottages and road maintenance in their respective districts.
On 1 May 1911, it was announced that nominations had been received and there would be no contest in any of the divisions of Waterford No. 2 Rural District. In other words, the nominees were deemed elected without an election. Local representatives included: Kilbride: Patrick Fitzgerald & John Ennett; and Kilmakevogue: James Kirwan, and Richard Fitzgerald, Aylwardstown (Evening News (Waterford), Mon. 1 May 1911, p. 4).
The Disputed Glenmore Cottage
The Waterford No. 2 Rural District Council built a cottage in Ballywairy/Ballyveria, Glenmore on the land of Martin Phelan. It was noted by Phelan’s solicitor that Phelan agreed to the cottage, so long as he agreed to the tenant. When the cottage was complete there were two applications for the cottage. One was from John Power of the Waterford Union and the second was from Andrew Harte of the New Ross Union. John Power was awarded the Ballyveria cottage.
Sometime after getting the tenancy of the cottage John Power gave the key to Richard Young, of the Waterford Union. Richard Young moved into the cottage and applied for the tenancy. The cottage was advertised and Andrew Harte again applied for the Ballyveria cottage.
May Meeting 1911
At a meeting of the Waterford No. 2 Rural District Council, held at the end of May 1911, the Waterford News & Star (Fri. 2 June 1911, p. 7) covered the meeting. However, the newspaper failed to record the date of the meeting. It did record that only 8 Councillors were present. A quorum only required 7 members be in attendance.
Two applications were received for the cottage at Ballywiera (sic), Glenmore. Richard Young wrote stating that he had possession of the cottage. It was given to him by the late tenant who “gave it up.” The other application was from Andrew Harte. The newspaper did not state the basis of the decision, but the Council decided to give possession to Harte. Mr. P. Walsh, Rent Collector was directed to get possession from Young. The District Council then adjourned.
June Meeting 1911
At the next meeting held on Saturday the 24th of June 1911, Mr. A.E. Bowers, J.P. presided and 15 other District Councillors were in attendance including John Ennett of Cappagh, Glenmore, P. Fitzgerald, of Weatherstown and Richard Fitzgerald of Aylwardstown. John Ennett did not attend the May meeting and subsequently filed a motion to rescind the decision granting Andrew Harte the tenancy of the Ballyveria, Glenmore cottage. Solicitor P.A. Murphy appeared before the council representing Martin Phelan. Both the Waterford News & Star (Fri. 30 June 1911, p. 7) and the Munster Express (Sat. 1 July 1911, p. 3) reported on this disputed cottage case.
Andrew Harte’s Letter
It was first queried by Richard Fitzgerald whether the previous decision to award the cottage to Andrew Harte could be rescinded. The Clerk assured the meeting that it was possible as John Ennett had provided notice of his written motion to rescind the previous decision.
A letter from Andrew Harte was produced. The letter was dated 20 June 1911. The return address was Weatherstown, Glenmore.
“Sir—At the last meeting of your Council I was accepted to be tenant on the cottage in Ballyviera (sic) and I claim to be admitted into possession. This cottage was applied for in the first instance by John Power, but he resigned before the Local Government Inquiry. At the inquiry Mr. Wm. Forristal, D.C. proposed, and Mr. P. Coady, D.C., seconded that Andrew Harte be accepted in place of Power. I gave evidence and the Inspector passed the cottage for me. When it was built Power claimed it and you gave him the cottage. He never lived in it.”
“A few weeks ago in response to your advertisement, I applied and you accepted me as tenant, and I submit I am entitled to possession. I offer testimonials from Canon Holohan P.P.; Father White, C.C.; and Father Phelan, Glenmore. I also give Mr. P. Fitzgerald, Weatherstown, my employer, as reference. I am a married man with a wife and two children.”
There were also testimonials from three R.I.C. officers as to Andrew Harte’s good character.
The Argument
For Young
John Ennett responded that he had no ill feeling to Andrew Harte and did not know him. Ennett pointed out that Harte was living in the New Ross Union, as had his father before him. They were both natives of the New Ross Union. The New Ross Council had recently refused to give a cottage to a man living in their own Union simply because he was not a native of the New Ross Union.
Ennett stated that it was only fair that the Waterford District Council should follow the New Ross rule. He concluded that he did not see why the Waterford Union District should build a cottage for a man in the New Ross Union. Thomas Holden seconded Ennett’s motion.
For Harte
Joseph Walsh stated he believed that Harte was entitled to the cottage. He reasoned that Harte was working for P. Fitzgerald who was in the Waterford Union. Ennett responded that Walsh knew nothing about the matter as he had only been on the Council for a short time. It is not clear from the newspaper coverage whether Harte’s employer was the Pat Fitzgerald sitting on the Waterford District Council considering the issue.
Richard Fitzgerald also argued that Harte was the right man for the cottage. He argued that when he first became a member of the Council 12 years previously he issued tickets for Harte’s wife who was very sick. The Kilmakevogue doctor sent her to hospital in Waterford. According to the Munster Express it was for specialised nursing.
Solicitor Murphy
Finally, Solicitor Murphy weighed in. He appeared on behalf of the owner of the land Martin Phelan. Murphy noted that at the inquiry Phelan had agreed to give a site for a cottage, but he was openly opposed to Harte, “for very good reasons. One councillor at the Inquiry nominated John Power. John Power after getting the cottage gave the key to Richard Young.” Solicitor Murphy said it was up to the Council to appoint the tenant for the cottage, but his client had a distinct and decided objection to Harte.
They were all farmers and “could understand the unpleasantness that would arise from having a labourer to whom the surrounding farmers objected to.” Murphy presented a petition signed by a “large number of people” objecting to Harte as tenant of the cottage. Murphy explained that people preferred Richard Young because Young worked “around the place.” The Munster Express quoted Murphy as saying, “ratepayers of this district naturally thought they had enough to do to build cottages for their own labourers without having to provide for outsiders…” Richard Fitzgerald observed that he could get a list on the other side of the issue as long as the distance between Ballyveria and the Waterford bridge.
The Decision Regarding the Glenmore Cottage
Ultimately a vote was taken and Ennett’s motion to rescind was successful. This meant that Harte would not get the cottage. Twelve voted in favour of Ennett’s motion including: (Edward Bowe, John Roche; Thomas Holden (Smithstown); John Vereker (Davidstown); James Farrell; James Moore, John Dunphy, Brown; Healy; E. Phelan; James Kirwan and John Ennett). Three voted against against the motion to rescind (and in favour of Harte’s tenancy) including: (Richard Fitzgerald, Pat Fitzgerald, and Joseph Walsh). Edmond Donovan abstained. After the motion passed. John Moore proposed and Thomas Holden seconded that Richard Young, the present occupier of the cottage, be appointed the tenant. This motion carried.
The Aftermath
Immediately after the vote Richard Fitzgerald handed up a notice of his motion to rescind the resolution appointing Young as tenant and Harte be appointed notwithstanding the vote. A query was posed regarding the cost of the Notice of Motion and the Clerk responded it cost 7 shillings. John Moore remarked to laughter that it was “money gone astray.”
We could not locate any further accounts of further votes on the disputed Glenmore cottage. It could be that the motion was withdrawn, it wasn’t seconded, or the newspapers did not cover it. From an interview that Danny conducted in 1970 of Mrs. Mai Aylward, of Ballyfacey, Dick and Katie Young had no children and lived in the cottage where Dwyers lived in 1970 in Mourlerstown. It is not clear if Mai Aylward was referring to the disputed cottage of Ballyveria but the two townlands adjoin.
The 1911 Census
Luckily, we have the 1911 Census, as well as parish records etc. to shed some light on some of the people involved.
The Applicants for the Disputed Glenmore Cottage
Andrew Harte in the 1911 Census was 45 years of age and working as an agricultural labourer. His wife Ellen was 47 they had a son John aged 9 and their youngest son was Andrew aged 7. They resided in Shanbogh. The couple were married 10 years. The Census records that their youngest son was “an idiot” a term now thankfully consigned to history.
Richard Young (c.1891-1936) in 1911, was a 24-year-old newlywed. He and his wife were married in November 1910. Richard worked as an agricultural labourer. He and his wife Kate née Hennessy (aged 32) were living in Ballyfacey with his father-in-law, Richard Hennessy, a 60-year-old widower. Richard Hennessy was also employed as an agricultural labourer. Others in household included three unmarried daughters: Annie Hennessy (28) was a typist; Mary Hennessy (26) was a National Teacher and Ellie Hennessy (24) was also a typist,
John Power who was granted tenancy, and apparently never took possession of the disputed cottage (and gave the key to Richard Young), is not in Ballyveria in the 1911 Census. There are two John Power’s in the parish of Glenmore in 1911 who were agricultural labourers. One was 31 and living in Aylwardstown with his wife and children. The second John Power was 36, single and living in Robinstown.
Harte’s Glenmore Employer
Pat Fitzgerald was the only Fitzgerald in Weatherstown in 1911. Notwithstanding the fact that Harte used a Weatherstown address on his letter to the Council, Harte did not reside in Weatherstown. Pat Fitzgerald (c.1883-1942 per headstone) of Weatherstown, was in 1911 a 51-year-old married farmer. In 1911 he resided with his wife and 6 children and had three servants including: Kate Grant (49, domestic servant); James Seinnott, (33, farm servant) and Pat Roorke (22, farm servant). If he was a member of the Waterford No. 2 Rural District and voted in the matter he had a clear conflict of interest as Harte was his employee.
The Glenmore Land Owner
Martin Phelan—There was no Martin Phelan residing in Ballyveria, Glenmore in 1911. There was a Martin Whelan living in Ballyfacey.
The only Phelan in Ballyveria was John Phelan (aged 20, farmer) and his sister Mary Phelan aged 24. The parish records reveal that John (c. 1892-1956) and Mary Phelan (b. 1886) were the children of Richard Phelan (farmer) and his wife Anne Donovan. Richard Phelan (c. 1842-1911) died on 20 January 1911 at Ballyweira. He was a widower and his son John was present when he died.
Ironically, John Phelan became Richard Young’s brother-in-law in 1916. They were married to 2 of the Hennessey sisters of Ballyfacey. John Phelan (c. 1892 -1956) of Ballyveria, married Mary Hennessey (1883-1963) of Ballyfacey (schoolteacher) on 22 May 1916 at Glenmore. The groom’s father was Richard Phelan (farmer) and the bride’s father was Richard Hennessey (labourer).
The Glenmore Elected District Councillors
John Ennett (1853-1939) a farmer of Cappagh, Glenmore, was first elected to the District Council around 1900.
Richard Fitzgerald (1868-1955) began his work as a public servant before 1900. He was a farmer in Aylwardstown, Glenmore. He served as Poor Law Guardian and as a District Councillor. In 1912, he ran for Kilkenny County Council.
It is not clear from the newspapers which Pat Fitzgerald of Glenmore was a member of the District Council in 1911. In addition to Pat Fitzgerald, of Weatherstown, there was at least one other Pat Fitzgerald who lived in the Kilbride District Electoral Division. Pat Fitzgerald (1843-1920) of Ballyveria. He was baptized at Moulerstown on 23 September 1843. Unfortunately, no obituary was found to determine if he served on Waterford No. 2 Rural District Council.
Please send any corrections, further information or photographs to glenmore.history@gmail.com .
The featured photo above was a Council cottage that has been extended over the years. It is not the 1911 disputed cottage.
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
From Danny’s Files: Interview of Tom Jones (1905-1978) of Glenmore Village
On the 27th of March 1971, Danny Dowling (1927-2021) interviewed Tom Jones (1905-1978) of Glenmore Village. The interview is only three paragraphs, but it does appear to answer the question of when the stream that once was the border between the townlands of Graiguenakill and Robinstown was altered in the Village.
Tom Jones’s Parents and Maternal Grandparents
Tom’s parents were George Jones (c. 1866-1945) and Bridget Murphy (1870-1945). Tom’s parents died within two months of each other. Tom’s maternal grandmother was Mrs. Mary Murphy (b.c. 1831) of Moulerstown. His maternal grandfather was Patrick Murphy (c. 1835-1912). According to Tom his grandmother’s maiden name was Rigby. She was born near Cat’s Rock, Glenmore. She worked on the building of the road from Glenmore to Tom Connolly’s. It is assumed that this referred to Tom Connolly, of the Mile Post. In any event, Mary was paid 2d per day for her work on the road.
Tom believed that his grandmother may have been married twice. He thought her first husband was Laurence Hartley’s father. A review of parish records provides that Laurence Hartley was born in 1901 to Laurence Hartley and Mary Murphy. The couple were married in 1888 in Rosbercon. This Mary Murphy was the daughter of James Murphy. Tom’s grandparents were married in 1869. However, it was his grandfather, Patrick Murphy, who was married twice not his grandmother.
According to Tom his grandparents met when Mary Rigby went on “binding operations down in his country” which he referred to as Iverk. On 30 September 1869, at Slieverue, Mary Rigby of Molarstown (sic) married Patrick Murphy (c.1838-1912) (widower) of Ballynooney East (Mullinavat?). Their fathers were recorded as Laurence Rigby (deceased farm labourer) and James Murphy (farm labourer).
1911 Census
Two children were born to this union. Tom’s mother, Bridget Murphy, was born in 1870 and his uncle, Jack Murphy, was born in 1872. In the 1911 Census, Mary Murphy née Rigby stated that she was 80 and her husband Patrick Murphy reported he was 76. The couple resided in Moulerstown, and their son Jack (aged 38) and his growing family lived next door.
The Death of Patrick Murphy in Glenmore Village
Tom stated in his interview that his grandfather, Pat Murphy was over 80 when he died. He was at the Jones house in the Village “when he got bad in Dunnes Workshop, Cappagh on a Good Friday. The same day a bridge was being built in the Village.” Mick Walsh, of the “Masonry Walsh’s,” [of Haggard] was on the building of the bridge. When Pat Murphy died he discontinued the work for the day. A death cert was located for Patrick Murphy. He died on 5 April 1912 of aortic regurgitation. His daughter Bridget Jones was present when he died. In 1912, Good Friday did fall on 5 April. Tom was only 7 years old when his grandfather died.
Moving the Stream in Glenmore Village
In his interview notes Danny wrote, “Before that time the water ran down in front of our house in the Village.” We believe that the stream that ran from the Creamery down into the Village ran in front of Danny’s house and was re-routed to meet the stream coming from Mullinahone at what is now the pub side of the bridge. There are two upstream arches visible from the Coach House. One is for the Mullinahone stream that once powered Gaffney’s Mill and the other is for the stream that flows from the Creamery down under the Vee Road, through what was Fluskey’s field behind Hanrahan’s, under Barry Jones’s drive, out next to the late Marita Cummings home and under the road where the Robinstown Road meets the Churns Road.
Tom also explained that the Dunne’s Workshop was for carpenters and it was located in an old house that once stood in Patsy Ryan’s yard [near where Pauline Power now lives].
See our post of 23 May 2020 regarding the pollution of the Village pumps within 2 decades.
Please send any corrections or additional information to glenmore.history@gmail.com
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
The Tragic Mary Norris née Fitzgerald (1869-1904) of Aylwardstown, Glenmore
Last week we came across a file of obituaries in Danny Dowling’s (1927-2921) vast collection. Within the file the 1904 short obituary of Mary Norris née Fitzgerald was found. This short obituary revealed that Mary died a 34 year-old widow at her brother Richard Fitzgerald’s residence in Aylwardstown. She left “four young orphan children to mourn her loss.” In researching her husband and children it became apparent that this family represented the hardships faced in that era including the dreaded T.B. See our N Glenmore Family page for Mary’s obituary (New Ross Reporter, Sat. 12 Nov. 1904, p. 5).
Mary Norris née Fitzgerald (1869-1904)
Mary was born on 26 December 1869 at Aylwardstown the daughter of John Fitzgerald (1830-1892) (farmer) and his wife Margaret Donovan (1839-1924). The couple were married at Slieverue on 27 February 1867. Mary was their eldest daughter and one of 11 children including [1] Richard Fitzgerald (b. 1868); [2] Mary Fitzgerald (1869-1904); [3] Bridget Fitzgerald (b. 1873); [4] Patrick Fitzgerald (b. 1875); [5] James Fitzgerald (b. 1876); [6] Peter Fitzgerald (b. 1877); [7] Margaret Fitzgerald (b. 1879); [8] Ellen Fitzgerald (b. 1881); [9] Michael Fitzgerald (b. 1882); [10] Walter Fitzgerald (b. 1884); and [11] John Fitzgerald (b. 1830).
Mary Fitzgerald at the age of 24 married Thomas Norris (farmer). The couple were married on 7 January 1894 at Glenmore. Thomas was residing at Rathfadden Cottage, Waterford and was the son of Patrick Norris (farmer) and his wife Bridget. The witnesses at Mary’s wedding were Kate Fitzgerald, the bride’s sister and Richard Whittle, who is thought to have been the groom’s cousin.
Children of Thomas & Mary Norris née Fitzgerald
Thomas and Mary had seven known children born within eight years of marriage. All of their children were baptized at Trinity Without, Waterford. The children are listed in their order of birth and throughout this post their order of birth number is retained.
Their eldest child, [1] Patrick Norris was born and baptized on 22 February 1894. It was recorded that the couple were living on the Yellow Road, Waterford, and Thomas was employed as a farmer. A daughter joined the family the next year. [2] Bridget Norris was baptized on 31 January 1895. The date of birth on the birth registry list’s Bridget’s birthday as 8 February 1895. Obviously, Bridget could not be baptized before she was born. Her birth was registered by a mid-wife who obviously recorded the wrong date. Thomas’s profession was listed as a cattle dealer. [3] Similarly John Norris was baptised on 22 March 1896, but his date of birth on the birth register was recorded as 29 April 1896. The family residence was listed as Upper Yellow Road, Waterford.
[4] James Norris was born on 22 March 1897 and was baptized the following day. For the first time Mary registered the birth of her child. A second daughter was born in 1898. This child was also named Bridget suggesting that the Bridget born in 1895 had died. [5] Bridget Norris was baptized on 21 July 1898. On the birth register her date of birth is recorded as 18 September 1898. Mary again registered the birth of this child, but did not register the birth until 21 November 1898. It is likely that Mary provided the September birthdate in order to avoid a fine for failing to register the child’s birth within the prescribed period. [6] Thomas P. Norris was baptized on 14 March 1901, and [7] Margaret Mary Norris was born 27 December 1902 and baptized the following day. Thomas’s profession was again listed as farmer when Margaret was born.
1901 Census
By the time Mary Norris died in November 1904 she had already buried three of her children as well as her husband. The 1901 Census provides the last glimpse of the family together. The family were living at Rathfadden. Thomas Norris was 33, a farmer, and noted he was born in Waterford City. Mary Norris (née Fitzgerald) gave her age as 29, and noted she had been born in Co. Kilkenny. Only 4 of their children are recorded in the 1901 Census because Margaret Mary was not born until 1902.
In the 1901 Census [1] Patrick Norris was 7. [4] James Norris was 4. [5] Bridget Norris was 2 and [6] Thomas Norris, Jr. was 1 month old. All the children were born in Waterford City. Also living with the family was a general domestic servant named Hannah Kennedy, Hannah Kennedy was 18 years of age and was born Waterford City. According to the 1901 Census, the family had a stable; coach house; cow house; piggery; fowl house; and boiling house.
Family Deaths
As stated above Mary’s daughter [2] Bridget Norris (b. 1895) died prior to 1898. Her son [3] John Norris (b. 1896) apparently died prior to 1901. Death certificates could not be located for either child searching both Norris and Morris.
Mary’s husband Thomas Norris died on 10 September 1902 at Rathfadden Cottage. He was listed as a 35 year-old farmer and his cause of death was TB. The death register provides that he received medical treatment for 4.5 months before his death. His sister Margaret Whittle of Yellow Road, Waterford was present when he died. Mary’s last child [7] Margaret Mary Norris was born about 6 weeks after her father’s death. We were also unable to locate a death certificate for Margaret although a Margaret Mary Norris died in 1907 in Ferrybank. The record reflects that her father John Norris was present when the child died.
Mary’s 25 year old brother Patrick Fitzgerald (1875-1903) died on 1 March 1903. Per the death register he died of heart disease, but had received no medical attention. Mary died 3 November 1904 at her brother Richard Fitzgerald’s home in Aylwardstown, Glenmore. Per her short obituary Mary was only survived by four of her children. Thus, [2] Bridget Norris (b. 1895), [3] John Norris (b. 1896) and [7] Margaret Mary Norris (b. 1902) predeceased Mary.
1911 Census
Aylwardstown, Glenmore
Mary’s mother, Margaret Fitzgerald née Donovan, was a 70 year old widow in 1911. She reported giving birth to 11 children and 8 were alive in 1911. Per the 1911 Census, four of her children were living at home with her: Richard Fitzgerald (38); Margaret Fitzgerald (27); Ellie Fitzgerald (26); and Michael Fitzgerald (25). She also had four grandchildren living with her: [4] James Morris (Norris, 11); [5] Bridget Morris (Norris, 10); [6] Thomas Morris (Norris, 9) and Margaret Bradly, (4).
Waterford—Upper Yellow Road
With only three of the Norris children in Aylwardstown we went back to Waterford and found [1] Patrick Norris (aged 17) living with his grandmother Bridget Norris. Bridget was 73 years of age, a widow and housekeeper. Also in the household was Patrick’s uncle Matthew Norris (38). The Census provides that Matthew Norris was employed as a cattle dealer, was married for three years but had no children. His wife was Johanna Norris (38). Lastly, Patrick’s cousin George Evans (8) was also residing in the house. George had been born in England. Both George and Patrick were scholars (attending school).
It is not clear from the census whether the family was residing in Rathfadden Cottage, However, in 1911 the property consisted of a stable; 2 cow house; piggery; (no fowl house) and boiling house.
The Norris Orphans
It was difficult to find information on the orphaned Norris children until we found Bridget Hynes née Fitzgerald’s (1898-1990) obituary. “She was the last surviving member of the Norris family and was sister of the late Patrick Norris, New Zealand; Thomas Norris, Campile, Co. Wexford; and James Norris, England, late of Carriganurra, Slieverue…” (Kilkenny People, Fri. 4 May 1990, p. 17). Armed with where her siblings lived we were able to find some information.
[1] Patrick Norris (1894-1925)
Patrick left London on 15 October 1914 for Australia. He enlisted 30 March 1915 as a private in the Australian Imperial Force. He enlisted at Brisbane and had his medical exam in Australia. He is found on the Embarkation Roll 1914-1918. He listed his uncle Matthew Norris, of 26 Upper Yellow Road, Waterford as his next of kin. He was with the 1st Light Horse Brigade of the 2nd Light Horse Regiment. His Service Number is 1257. Prior to his enlistment he worked as a clerk.
Patrick’s service records are available in the Australian National Archives. He was physically described when he enlisted as being 21 yrs of age; 5 feet and 6¾ inches tall; 135 lbs; with a fair complexion; brown eyes; and dark hair. While deployed to Egypt a letter dated 13 Jan 1918 queried why his 4/ per diem of his pay from 1 September 1915 had not been paid to Mr. Henry D. Keane, Solicitor, O’Connell Street, Waterford.
Patrick served from enlistment in 1915 until 15 May 1919. Most of the time Patrick was in Egypt. Although there were no major battles fought in Egypt in World War I it served as a staging ground and held strategic importance because of the Suez Canal. The majority of Patrick’s military file contains information concerning medical issues he suffered. However, there is a notation from July 1917. “When on active service drunkenness in the field.” He lost 10 days pay. For an interesting article and photos of the Australian troops in Egypt during WWI see, D. Beard (2022) “Kangaroos by the Pyramids.”
Patrick returned to Australia on 5 August 1919 and was considered disabled due to “Pulmonary Tuberculosis.” In a document entitled “Medical Report of an Invalid” the date and place where Patrick became a casualty was “dysentery” in Egypt in 1917. The doctor stated that there was Malaria in Egypt in 1918 and influenza in September 1919. Patrick began tubercular treatment on 12 January 1920 and continued on it until September 1920. During his service in Egypt he did not suffer a wound but contracted cholera in July 1916. This resulted in a 14 day admission to hospital. He got scabies three times and malaria twice. His last attack was in November 1918. The report concluded that he suffered with a sore nose for 4 years.
Three medals were issued to Patrick including: (1) 1914/1915 Star; (2) the British War Medal and (3) the Victory medal.
On 1 February 1923 Patrick married Rose Eileen Graham (1902-1976). A daughter, Jean Dorothy Norris (1923-2009) was born on 16 February 1923 at Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Patrick’s obituary in the Dalby Herald (Tue. 6 Jan. 1925, p. 3) appears to reflect that T.B. was viewed in Australia in much the same way as it was viewed in Ireland.
The death occurred in Toowoomba, yesterday of Mr. Joseph Patrick Norris, who has been a resident of Loam street, Darby, for the past 11 months. Mr. Norris was a native of Waterford, Ireland, and came to Australia some years ago. When the war broke out he enlisted and joined the first machine gun corps and served for five years with the A.I.F. and received a severe gunshot, wound in the thigh. He came to Dalby for health reasons a year ago, and gradually grew worse. He was admitted to the General Hospital on December 28th, and removed to a hospital in Toowoomba, on New Year’s Eve. He leaves a widow and one child, a girl of two years of age. The funeral took place yesterday in the Roman Catholic portion of the Toowoomba cemetery. Mrs. Norris accompanied by Mrs. C. Harvey, left for Toowoomba yesterday morning to be present at the funeral.
In researching Patrick an article was found that reflects the plight of other ex-servicemen in Australia with T.B. in 1925 (The West Australian, Wed. 27 May 1925, p. 10).
Letter to the Editor—Sir—We, ex-soldier consumptive in the Edward Millen Sanitorium, read with amused interest the statement by Dr. Courtney, the Repatriation C.M.O. that work will cure tuberculosis. Every man here, without exception, was a working man and broke down working. If work cures why do men get the disease? He says further, that in some States work is done by in the sanatoriums, yet, Victoria, his own State, had ten deaths for the last quarter. They were certainly cured, but, hardly in the usual understanding of the word. All medical authorities on TB agree…that it may be arrested which is vastly different than cured…Few of the public know of our many disabilities…During 50 years I have known many medical fashions for treating T.B. [including] long sea voyages; change of climate; high altitude; …sunbaths and cod liver oil. All discarded now as useless…
In the meantime our weekly leave to see our homes and friends has been cut out the one particular thing that did more to cheer us up and help us bear our troubles than anything else we do… Signed, L.W.F. Harvey, secretary of the T.B. Sailors & Soldier’s Association of Australia (W.A. Branch). Edward Millen Sanatorium, Victoria Park
[4] James Norris (1897-1983)
James Norris (labourer) of Aylwardstown, Glenmore married Ellen Vereker (b. 1908) of Ballyhomuck, Big Wood, Mullinavat. The couple were married on 14 October 1928 at Bigwood, Mullinavat. Ellen was the daughter of James Vereker (labourer) and his wife Margaret Henebery. Ellen was born on 24 August 1908. Per his sister Bridget’s 1990 obituary James lived in Carriganurra, Slieverue and England. We believe that James and Eileen had several children and it is not known when they moved to England.
We did locate a James Norris who died on 6 February 1983. The England and Wales National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations) provides that his address was 69 Blackmead, Orton, Malborne, Peterborough which is in Cambridgeshire, England. We believe that his wife Eileen died in September 1997 per the England and Wales Civil Register Death Index. However, this date of death has not been verified with an obituary etc.
[5] Bridget Norris (1898-1990)
Bridget Norris, of Aylwardstown, Glenmore, married Maurice Hynes (1889-1952) (farmer) who was also from Aylwardstown. The couple married at Glenmore on 31 May 1929. Maurice Hynes was born on the 6th of August 1889 at Aylwardstown, the son of Martin Hynes (farmer) and his wife Anastasia Aylward. Shortly after Bridget and Maurice married the couple moved to Monassa, Callan, Co. Kilkenny, where they farmed. The couple had three children; a son and two daughters. Their son back in the late 1970’s or early 1980’s worked at the Waterford Cattle Mart.
Maurice Hynes died, aged 63, on 3 May 1952 of Tuberculosis Pneumonia. The following year Bridget was summoned for assaulting a neighbour. From the newspaper account the neighbour had caused one of Bridget’s cows to miscarry. When the neighbour was “turning back” another cow the two women got into an argument. The neighbour allegedly made disparaging remarks about the deceased Maurice and Bridet lost her temper and brought her stick down on the other woman’s head. The judge refused to convict Bridget and told the parties he would wait 3 months to see how they got on (Kilkenny People, Sat. 19 Sept. 1953, p. 4).
[6] Thomas Norris (1901-1966)
Most of the information regarding Thomas Norris is courtesy of Ann Fitzgerald’s publicly available research. Thomas Norris married Bridget “Bridie” Kavanagh (1922-2004) on 18 August 1954. The couple had children and farmed at Ballykerogue, Campile, New Ross, Wexford. Ann Fitzgerald noted that Thomas inherited the farm from his aunt Katie Fitzgerald. [Catherine “Kate” Fitzgerald (b. 1871) was married twice. Her first husband was Edward Costello. Edward and Kate were married at Glenmore on 21 August 1906. Edward was from Ballykerogue. After Edward died Kate married James McGrath on 1 December 1923 at New Ross. James was a widower and lived at Dunbrody, Wexford. Kate had no children.
Thomas Norris died 5 March 1966 and resided at the New Ross Road, Ballykerogue, Campile, Wexford. The death register provides that he was a married farmer and his age was given as 61. Thomas died of cardiac asthma which he suffered with for 6 hours. His brother-in -law Martin Kavanagh was present at his death.
LATE MR. T. NORRIS—The death occurred on Saturday of Mr. Thos. Norris, at his residence, Ballykerogue, Campile, and the remains were removed to Horeswood Church the same evening. The funeral took place to Ballykerogue Cemetery on Monday. Sympathy is extended to his bereaved wife, children and relatives (New Ross Standard, Sat. 12 March 1966 p. 16).
Please send any corrections, additional information or photos to glenmore.history@gmail.com .
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh
From Danny’s Files: Household Hints from the Early 20th Century
Danny Dowling (1927-2021) collected a large assortment of historical newspaper articles. Some were directly related to Glenmore or surrounding areas, and some articles reflect a time and activities long forgotten. Today, we are going to highlight some of Danny’s collected articles that best fall under the description of “household hints.” We have attempted to identify and explain any ingredients that may not be known today. Our explanations are in square brackets [ ]. We conclude with a 1910 joke found in one of Danny’s hints files concerning two Waterford aristocrats.
Washing Hair
Most people today probably assume that shampoo was available 100 years ago. That does not appear to be the case. “An Old Fashioned but Excellent Julep—an excellent julep for washing the hair can be made by mixing a cupful of soapy water with a teaspoonful of powdered borax and then beaten up with a yolk of an egg. This is well rubbed into the roots and length of the hair, and is then washed out in clear warm water. It leaves the scalp clean and the hair delightfully soft and glossy.” (Kilkenny Moderator, Sat. 28 July 1923, p. 4)
[“Borax is a powdery white substance, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate. It’s widely used as a household cleaner and a booster for laundry detergent. It’s a combination of boron, sodium, and oxygen.” For more information concerning its use as a pesticide and current research etc. see, WebMD].
An interesting note Danny made is simply dated 1913. This note also concerns hair. “Never wet the hair at night, and if there is a tendency to deafness never do so at any time.”
“Dandruff may be removed by the occasional application of a shampoo wash composed of the yolk of an egg beaten by up with a pint of rainwater and 1 ounce of rosemary spirit. The mixture must be beaten thoroughly and used warm, being rubbed well into the skin of the head.” (New Ross Standard, Fri, 5 Aug. 1910, p. 11)
Clotheslines
A clothesline may be easily cleaned by wrapping it round a washboard and thoroughly scrubbing it in soapsuds. (Re-published from the Derry Journal, Mon. 20 Dec. 1915, p. 3)
Boil a new clothesline and the it will not twist. New ropes are apt to twist. (New Ross Standard, Fri. 29 Sept. 1911, p. 11)
Pest Control
When setting a mouse trap use raw meat instead of cheese for the bait. (Re-published from the Derry Journal, Mon. 20 Dec. 1915, p. 3)
“A preventative against moths, and one which forms a pleasant sachet powder as well. Grind to a powder the following ingredients in equal quantities: cloves; carraway seeds, nutmeg, mace, cinnamon, and Tonquin beans with as much orris root as the other contents put together. Fill little bags with the powder and scatter among the clothes.” (Leinster Leader, Sat/ 23 Sept. 1911, p. 23)
[According to Mama Jean’s Natural Market website orris root powder is the dried and ground root of the iris plant. It smells similar to violets ,and today is used as a fixative in perfumes to enhance other aromas. It has stabilizing properties that help preserve scents in cosmetics, potpourri etc.]
[Tonka beans are a product of the South American cumaru tree, contain a naturally occurring chemical known as coumarin. Since coumarin can cause health problems such as liver damage, the Federal Drug Administration of the US has enforced a ban on tonka beans since 1954.]
Recipes
Potato Scones—Mash boiled potatoes quite smooth, adding a little salt. Then knead out with flour or barley meal to thickness required. Toast on gridle, pricking them with a fork to prevent blistering. Eaten with butter they are superior to crumpets and very nutritious. (1906 article name of newspaper not copied)
The secret to frying fish is to brown the breadcrumbs before using them. Bake the bread in the oven, and crush to crumbs. Be sure a beaten egg covers the fillets of fish. Then dip the fillets in the bread crumbs. Fry in plenty of hot fat (Re-published from the Derry Journal, Mon. 20 Dec. 1915, p. 3)
If eggs that are to be boiled hard place them in rapidly boiling water. The yolk will not become dark on the outside. (New Ross Standard, Fri. 17 Feb. 1911, p. 11)
First Aid and Health
“If you get a fishbone in your throat a raw egg should be swallowed immediately. Do not drink anything, but well chewed solids, such as bread often helps to remove a fishbone.” (Lancashire Evening Post, Tues. 1 April 1913)
“For anyone suffering from rheumatism they will find great relief from this simple remedy. Put some dry mustard between flannel, and constantly wear it in your boots, house shoes etc. Replenish the mustard every now and then.” (New Ross Standard, Fri. 17 June 1910, p. 10)
“A simple cure for Rheumatism and Gout….crush some horse chestnuts, scald them and apply as a poultice.” (New Ross Standard, Fri. 24 Feb. 1911, p. 11)
Cleaning
To clean a lamp chimney hold it over the steam of a kettle for a few moments, then polish it with a clean, dry cloth. (New Ross Standard, Fri. 25 Nov. 1910, p. 10)
Rubber gloves worn for dishwashing and housework should be thoroughly washed before being taken off the hand. In this way they are kept free from impurities and wear longer. (Lancashire Evening Post, Tues. 1 April 1913)
Furniture polish that will act more like varnish on furniture can be made. One gill of linseed oil, 1 gill of white wine vinegar, ½ ounce of butter of antimony. Mix each in order and shake well between each. Shake well before using. Apply a little on a soft rag, and finish with a soft duster. This will dry almost as soon as rubbed on. (New Ross Standard, Fri. 25 Nov. 1910, p. 10).
[“Butter of antimony” is an outdated term for antimony trichloride (SbCl3), a chemical compound known for its pungent odour and waxy, butter-like consistency. It was historically used as a reagent in various chemical reactions and tests, including a test for vitamin A. Warning Butter of Antimony is toxic if ingested, inhaled or comes into contact with the skin. For further information see, Facts.net].
“To renovate dark stained furniture, soak a rag in paraffin and rub it on the stained furniture. Leave it to dry for a few minutes. Polish with a clean soft cloth, and you will find all marks will disappear. No unpleasant smell of paraffin will be left behind.” (New Ross Standard, Fri. 29 Sept. 1911, p. 11)
Miscellaneous Hints
“Sliced onions scattered about a room will absorb the odour of fresh paint.” (Irish Independent, Fri. 25 Jan. 1918, p. 2)
“Tight boots or shoes are much more easily put on when thoroughly warmed by turning the soles to the fire.” (Farmer’s Gazette, Sat. 1 March 1913, p. 22)
“A useful machine oil is made of one part of paraffin and three of olive oil”. (New Ross Standard, Fri. 14 July 1911, p. 11)
Joke About Waterford Aristocrats
Some years ago, Lord Charles Beresford and his brother the Marquis of Waterford were driving in London when the former suddenly said, “Wouldn’t you like to upset that truck of apples?”
Lord Charles Beresford beckoned a boy and said, “Would you like to earn half a sovereign?”
“Do you mean it, sir?”
“Certainly. Go and knock over that truck of apples.”
The boy pocketed the coin and soon the apples were rolling all over the road. A policeman immediately arrested the boy, who said: “These gentlemen over there told me to do it.”
“Sorry gentlemen; but I must make a case of this.”
The three were brought to the police court. The Magistrate asked their names.
“The Marquis of Waterford.”
“Lord Charles Beresford.”
“Your name, my boy?”
“I ain’t going to give a pal away. Put me down, The Duke of Wellington.” (Hampshire Telegraph, Fri. 9 Dec. 1910, p. 12).
Please send any corrections or additional information etc. to glenmore.history@gmail.com . Please feel free to comment below or on our facebook page about any of the content.
For Glenmore Folk Remedies see our post of 22 Dec. 2019.
Dr. Kathleen Moore Walsh